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Rail Freight Transport

The Federal Government Is Buying Time for the Shift to Rail

It’s a familiar pattern. The federal government misses its modal shift target and responds with money rather than courage. Extending the subsidy program through 2035 is therefore the right move, but it doesn’t go far enough.
Bundesrat will weiter Fördergeld für die Bahn. The Federal Council wants to continue providing subsidies for rail. Le Conseil fédéral souhaite maintenir les subventions en faveur du rail.
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THE KEY POINTS IN BRIEF
• Extending the subsidies through 2035 is the right move, but it amounts to nothing more than damage control.
• The constitutional mandate remains unfulfilled because the federal government relies on operating subsidies.
• In 2035, it will once again have to ask itself whether Switzerland should cling to the illusion of modal shift.

The man­date is clear. In 1994, vot­ers demand­ed a lim­it on the num­ber of truck trips across the Alps from bor­der to bor­der. Par­lia­ment ulti­mate­ly aimed to reduce the num­ber of trips to 650,000 per year. But real­i­ty has made a mock­ery of this goal.

The modal shift mandate remains unfulfilled

In 2024, around 960,000 trucks crossed the Alps—more than ever before. This means the fed­er­al gov­ern­ment has been way off tar­get for years. Nev­er­the­less, there is no hon­est debate about tougher measures—or about aban­don­ing the illu­sion of modal shift.

The end of the Rola service exacerbates the situation

Now the next set­back looms. At the end of 2025, the Rolling Highway—which trans­ferred around 70,000 trucks to rail annually—was dis­con­tin­ued. Con­se­quent­ly, the num­ber of trucks could sur­pass the one-mil­lion mark in 2026. This is pre­cise­ly where the Fed­er­al Council’s pro­pos­al now comes in. While it tem­porar­i­ly sta­bi­lizes com­bined trans­port, as our analy­sis shows, it does not reverse the trend. And dam­age con­trol is not an ambi­tious trans­porta­tion pol­i­cy.

Federal Council Refrains from Further Adjusting the Heavy Vehicle Fee

What the pro­pos­al leaves out is strik­ing. After all, the per­for­mance-based heavy-vehi­cle tax remains the actu­al steer­ing instru­ment. Any­one seek­ing to shift freight would have to start with the price. Instead, the fed­er­al gov­ern­ment is dis­trib­ut­ing oper­at­ing sub­si­dies and hop­ing for bet­ter times. That’s con­ve­nient, but it’s not enough. At the same time, there are good rea­sons not to fur­ther bur­den road freight trans­port.

The Federal Council remains too timid

The 486 mil­lion francs pre­vent a col­lapse. In that respect, they deserve approval. But they are no sub­sti­tute for a strat­e­gy. As long as train paths remain unre­li­able and pric­ing fails to pro­vide incen­tives, the modal shift tar­get remains a dead let­ter. The fed­er­al gov­ern­ment is buy­ing time. Noth­ing more.

And in 2035, it will once again have to face the ques­tion of whether it real­ly wants to cling to the illu­sion of modal shift.

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